Romanization game #2

[zyma]

/p p' pʲ pʲ' t t' tʲ tʲ' k k' kʲ kʲ'/ <p ṗ py ṗy t ṭ ty ṭy k ḳ ky ḳy>
/t͡s t͡s' t͡ɕ t͡ɕ'/ <c ċ cy ċy>
/v s ɕ x xʲ/ <v s sy x xy>
/m mʲ n ɳ/ <m my n ny>
/l ʎ ɥ/ <l ly vy>
/r rʲ/ <r ry>

/i u/ <ı u>
/e o ɔ/ <e o ǫ>
/æ/ <a>

/V˥ V˩ V˩˥ V˥˩ V˧˦˧/ <V̄ V V́ V̀ V̂>

Aa Āā Áá Àà Ââ Cc Ċċ Ee Ēē Éé Èè Êê Iı Īī Íí Ìì Îî Kk Ḳḳ Ll Mm Nn Oo Ōō Óó Òò Ôô Ǫǫ Ǭǭ Ǫ́ǫ́ Ǫ̀ǫ̀ Ǫ̂ǫ̂ Pp Ṗṗ Rr Ss Tt Ṭṭ Uu Ūū Úú Ùù Ûû Vv Xx Yy

---

Next:

/p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ kʷ kʷʰ/
/f s ʃ h/
/t͡s t͡sʰ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ/
/m n ɲ/
/l j ʎ w/
/r rʲ/

/i ɨ u/
/e o/
/æ/
/ɑ/

[GoshDiggityDangit]

/p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ kʷ kʷʰ/ <b p d t g k gw kw>
/f s ʃ h/ <f s sh h>
/t͡s t͡sʰ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ/ <j c jh ch>
/m n ɲ/ <m n nh>
/l j ʎ w/ <l j lh w>
/r rʲ/ <r rh>

/i ɨ u/ <i y u>
/e o/ <e o>
/æ/ <è>
/ɑ/ <a>

---

Next, please...

/p b t d tʃ dʒ k kʷ g gʷ/
/f v θ s z ʃ ʒ h/
/m n/
/l ɹ j/

/i ɪ ʊ u/
/e ɛ ɜ ə ə˞ o/
/aː æ ɑ ɑ˞/

/aː diɪ̯d nɑt hæjə̯v sɛkʃuəl ɹəlɛi̯ʃənz gʷiɪ̯θ dæjə̯t gʷʊmən/

[VaptuantaDoi]

/p b t d tʃ dʒ k kʷ g gʷ/ <p b t d ch j k kw g gw>
/f v θ s z ʃ ʒ h/ <f v th s z sh zh h>
/m n/ <m n>
/l ɹ j/ <l r y>

/i ɪ ʊ u/ <ee i oo ew>
/e ɛ ɜ ə ə˞ o/ <ay e u a er oe>
/aː æ ɑ ɑ˞/ <ah a o ar>

Ambiguous sequences resolved with a hyphen

/aː diɪ̯d nɑt hæjə̯v sɛkʃuəl ɹəlɛi̯ʃənz gʷiɪ̯θ dæjə̯t gʷʊmən/
<Ah deeid not hayav sekshooal rale-eeshanz gweeith dayat gwooman>

---

Next:

/t̼ tʲ t tʷ tˤ tˤʷ kʷ kˤ kˤʷ qʲ qʷ/
/p̪͡fʰ t̼ʰ tʲʰ tʰ tʷʰ tˤʰ tˤʷʰ c͡ɕʰ c͡ɕʷʰ kʷʰ kˤʰ kˤʷʰ qʲʰ qʷʰ/
/p̪͡f’ t̼’ tʲ’ t’ tʷ’ tˤ’ tˤʷ’ t͡ɬ’ t͡ɬʷ’ t͡ɬˤ’ t͡ɬˤʷ’ c͡ɕ’ c͡ɕʷ’ c͡ʎ̝̥’ kʷ’ kˤ’ kˤʷ’ qʲ’ qʷ’ ʔʲ ʔ ʔʷ ʔˤ ʔˤʷ/
/ᵐv n̼ nʲ n nʷ nˤ nˤʷ ɲ ɲʷ ŋʷ/
/ʋ l̼ ɾʲ ɹ ɹʷ ɫʷ j ɥ jˤ w wˤ ʁʲ ʁʷ ʕ/
/f θ̼ ɕ ɕʷ xʷ χʲ χʷ ħ ħʷ/
/fʰ sʰ h hʷ/
/f’ s’ ɕ’ ɕʷ’ xʷ’/
/k͡ǀ k͡ǃ k͡ǁ k͡ǂ/
/k͡ǀˀ k͡ǃˀ k͡ǃ͜ɕˀ k͡ǃ͜χˀ k͡ǁˀ k͡ǂˀ/
/k͡ǀʰ k͡ǃʰ k͡ǃ͜ɕʰ k͡ǃ͜χʰ k͡ǃ͜ħ k͡ǁʰ k͡ǂʰ/
/ŋ͡ǀ ŋ͡ǃ ŋ͡ǃ͜ɕ ŋ͡ǁ ŋ͡ǂ/
/ŋ̥͡ǀˀ ŋ̥͡ǃˀ ŋ̥͡ǃ͜ɕˀ ŋ̥͡ǁˀ ŋ̥͡ǂˀ/

/ɨ ɐ/
/iː yː uː/
/eː øː ɤː oː/
/ɛː œː ɔː/
/ɑː/

stressed short vowel tones: /ɨ˥˩ ɨ˩˥/
long vowel tones (tonic or atonic): /iː˥ iː˧ iː˩ iː˥˧ iː˧˩ iː˩˥ iː˨˩˦/

/ɨ ɐ/ are [i ɛ] next to linguolabials or palatal(ised) consonants, [u ɔ] next to labiodental/rounded consonants, [y œ] next to both or labialised palatals (/c͡ɕʷʰ c͡ɕʷ’ ɲʷ ɥ ɕʷ ɕʷ’/). Alveolar and lateral clicks back [i ɛ ɨ ɐ] to [ɯ ʌ ɯ ʌ]. /ɨ ɐ/ are [ɨ ɐ] next to anything else.

[rospyiya]

/t̼ tʲ t tʷ tˤ tˤʷ kʷ kˤ kˤʷ qʲ qʷ/
/p̪͡fʰ t̼ʰ tʲʰ tʰ tʷʰ tˤʰ tˤʷʰ c͡ɕʰ c͡ɕʷʰ kʷʰ kˤʰ kˤʷʰ qʲʰ qʷʰ/
/p̪͡f’ t̼’ tʲ’ t’ tʷ’ tˤ’ tˤʷ’ t͡ɬ’ t͡ɬʷ’ t͡ɬˤ’ t͡ɬˤʷ’ c͡ɕ’ c͡ɕʷ’ c͡ʎ̝̥’ kʷ’ kˤ’ kˤʷ’ qʲ’ qʷ’ ʔʲ ʔ ʔʷ ʔˤ ʔˤʷ/
/ᵐv n̼ nʲ n nʷ nˤ nˤʷ ɲ ɲʷ ŋʷ/
/ʋ l̼ ɾʲ ɹ ɹʷ ɫʷ j ɥ jˤ w wˤ ʁʲ ʁʷ ʕ/
/f θ̼ ɕ ɕʷ xʷ χʲ χʷ ħ ħʷ/
/fʰ sʰ h hʷ/
/f’ s’ ɕ’ ɕʷ’ xʷ’/
/k͡ǀ k͡ǃ k͡ǁ k͡ǂ/
/k͡ǀˀ k͡ǃˀ k͡ǃ͜ɕˀ k͡ǃ͜χˀ k͡ǁˀ k͡ǂˀ/
/k͡ǀʰ k͡ǃʰ k͡ǃ͜ɕʰ k͡ǃ͜χʰ k͡ǃ͜ħ k͡ǁʰ k͡ǂʰ/
/ŋ͡ǀ ŋ͡ǃ ŋ͡ǃ͜ɕ ŋ͡ǁ ŋ͡ǂ/
/ŋ̥͡ǀˀ ŋ̥͡ǃˀ ŋ̥͡ǃ͜ɕˀ ŋ̥͡ǁˀ ŋ̥͡ǂˀ/

/ɨ ɐ/
/iː yː uː/
/eː øː ɤː oː/
/ɛː œː ɔː/
/ɑː/

stressed short vowel tones: /ɨ˥˩ ɨ˩˥/
long vowel tones (tonic or atonic): /iː˥ iː˧ iː˩ iː˥˧ iː˧˩ iː˩˥ iː˨˩˦/

/ɨ ɐ/ are [i ɛ] next to linguolabials or palatal(ised) consonants, [u ɔ] next to labiodental/rounded consonants, [y œ] next to both or labialised palatals (/c͡ɕʷʰ c͡ɕʷ’ ɲʷ ɥ ɕʷ ɕʷ’/). Alveolar and lateral clicks back [i ɛ ɨ ɐ] to [ɯ ʌ ɯ ʌ]. /ɨ ɐ/ are [ɨ ɐ] next to anything else.

tv tj t tw tc tcw kw kc kcw qj qw /t̼ tʲ t tʷ tˤ tˤʷ kʷ kˤ kˤʷ qʲ qʷ/
ph tvh tjh th twh tcj tcwh ćh ćwh kwh kch kcwh qjh qwh /p̪͡fʰ t̼ʰ tʲʰ tʰ tʷʰ tˤʰ tˤʷʰ c͡ɕʰ c͡ɕʷʰ kʷʰ kˤʰ kˤʷʰ qʲʰ qʷʰ/
pp tvv tjj tt tww tcc tcww tll tlww tlcc tlcww ćć ćww cll kww kcc kcww qjj qww 'j ' 'w 'c 'cw /p̪͡f’ t̼’ tʲ’ t’ tʷ’ tˤ’ tˤʷ’ t͡ɬ’ t͡ɬʷ’ t͡ɬˤ’ t͡ɬˤʷ’ c͡ɕ’ c͡ɕʷ’ c͡ʎ̝̥’ kʷ’ kˤ’ kˤʷ’ qʲ’ qʷ’ ʔʲ ʔ ʔʷ ʔˤ ʔˤʷ/
mv nv nj n nw nc ncw ñ ñw ŋw /ᵐv n̼ nʲ n nʷ nˤ nˤʷ ɲ ɲʷ ŋʷ/
v lv dj r rw lw j y jc w wc gj gw c /ʋ l̼ ɾʲ ɹ ɹʷ ɫʷ j ɥ jˤ w wˤ ʁʲ ʁʷ ʕ/
f ŧv ś św ŵ xj xw ħ ħw /f θ̼ ɕ ɕʷ xʷ χʲ χʷ ħ ħʷ/
fh sh h hw /fʰ sʰ h hʷ/
ff ss śś śww ŵŵ /f’ s’ ɕ’ ɕʷ’ xʷ’/
kḟ kṫ kŀ kċ /k͡ǀ k͡ǃ k͡ǁ k͡ǂ/
kḟ. kṫ. kṫ.ś kṫ.x kŀ. kċ. /k͡ǀˀ k͡ǃˀ k͡ǃ͜ɕˀ k͡ǃ͜χˀ k͡ǁˀ k͡ǂˀ/
kḟh kṫh kṫhś kṫhx kṫħ kŀh kċh /k͡ǀʰ k͡ǃʰ k͡ǃ͜ɕʰ k͡ǃ͜χʰ k͡ǃ͜ħ k͡ǁʰ k͡ǂʰ/
ŋḟ ŋṫ ŋṫś ŋŀ ŋċ /ŋ͡ǀ ŋ͡ǃ ŋ͡ǃ͜ɕ ŋ͡ǁ ŋ͡ǂ/
ŋḟ. ŋṫ. ŋṫ.ś ŋŀ. ŋċ. /ŋ̥͡ǀˀ ŋ̥͡ǃˀ ŋ̥͡ǃ͜ɕˀ ŋ̥͡ǁˀ ŋ̥͡ǂˀ/

î â /ɨ ɐ/
i ü u /iː yː uː/
e ö ë o /eː øː ɤː oː/
ē ȫ ō /ɛː œː ɔː/
a /ɑː/

stressed short vowel tones: ¹ ² /ɨ˥˩ ɨ˩˥/
long vowel tones (tonic or atonic): ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ /iː˥ iː˧ iː˩ iː˥˧ iː˧˩ iː˩˥ iː˨˩˦/

/ɨ ɐ/ are [i ɛ] next to linguolabials or palatal(ised) consonants, [u ɔ] next to labiodental/rounded consonants, [y œ] next to both or labialised palatals (/c͡ɕʷʰ c͡ɕʷ’ ɲʷ ɥ ɕʷ ɕʷ’/). Alveolar and lateral clicks back [i ɛ ɨ ɐ] to [ɯ ʌ ɯ ʌ]. /ɨ ɐ/ are [ɨ ɐ] next to anything else.

Next:

/p b t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ ʔ/
/ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ ʛ/
/β f v s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ x χ ʕ h/
/ɻ j ɥ ɰ w/
/m ɱ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ/
/ɾ ɽ/
/r/
/ɬ ɮ ꞎ/
/l ɭ ʎ/
/ʘ ǀ ǃ ǃ̢ ǁ/

/i y ɨ ʉ ɯ u/
/ɪ ʊ/
/e ɘ ɵ ɤ o/
/ɛ œ ɔ/
/a ɒ/

[Visions1]

/p t ʈ c k ʔ/ p t rt yk k q
/b d ɖ ɟ g/ b d rd yg g
/ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ ʛ/ bb dd rdd ygg gg qq
/f s ʃ ʂ ɕ h/ f s sh rs ys h
/β v z ʒ ʐ ʑ x χ(?????) ʕ/ vb v z zh rz yz hk hk hq
/ɻ j ɥ ɰ w/ wr y yw qw w
/m ɱ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ/ m vm n rn yn gn qn
/ɾ ɽ/ r dr
/r/ rr
/ɬ ɮ ꞎ/ ls lz rls
/l ɭ ʎ/l rl ll
/ʘ ǀ ǃ ǃ̢ ǁ/ 'p 't 'tt 'rt 'k

/i y ɨ ʉ ɯ u/ i ï í ú ü u
/ɪ ʊ/ ì ù
/e ɘ ɵ ɤ o/ e é ó ö o
/ɛ œ ɔ/ è ë ò
/a ɒ/ a à

---

/◌̥m ◌̥n ◌̥ɲ/
/◌̬m) ◌̬n) ◌̬ɲ)/
/m n ɲ/
/(◌̬m (◌̬n (◌̬ɲ/
/p t t͡s t͡ʃ c k/
/◌̬p) ◌̬t) ◌̬t͡s) ◌̬t͡ʃ) ◌̬c) ◌̬k)/
/b d d͡z d͡ʒ ɟ k/
/(◌̬p (◌̬t (◌̬t͡s (◌̬t͡ʃ (◌̬c (◌̬k/
/pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ cʰ kʰ/
/◌̬p)ʰ ◌̬t)ʰ ◌̬t͡s)ʰ ◌̬t͡ʃ)ʰ ◌̬c)ʰ ◌̬k)ʰ/
/bʰ dʰ d͡zʰ d͡ʒʰ ɟʰ kʰ/
/(◌̬pʰ (◌̬tʰ (◌̬t͡sʰ (◌̬t͡ʃʰ (◌̬cʰ (◌̬kʰ/
/f s sˀ ʃ h hˀ/
/◌̬f) ◌̬s) ◌̬sˀ) ◌̬ʃ) ◌̬h)/
/v z ʒ ʕ/
/(◌̬f (◌̬s (◌̬sˀ (◌̬ʃ (◌̬h/
/◌̥r ◌̥ɾ/
/◌̬◌̥r) ◌̬◌̥ɾ)/
/r ɾ/
/(◌̬◌̥r (◌̬◌̥ɾ/
/◌̥rˀ ◌̥ɾˀ/
/◌̬◌̥r)ˀ ◌̬◌̥ɾ)ˀ/
/rˀ ɾˀ/
/(◌̬◌̥rˀ (◌̬◌̥ɾ/ˀ
/◌̥l ◌̥ʎ ◌̥L/
/◌̬◌̥l) ◌̬◌̥ʎ) ◌̬◌̥L)/
/l ʎ L/
/(◌̬◌̥l (◌̬◌̥ʎ (◌̬◌̥L/
/◌̥lˀ ◌̥ʎˀ ◌̥Lˀ/
/◌̬◌̥l)ˀ ◌̬◌̥ʎ)ˀ ◌̬◌̥L)ˀ/
/lˀ ʎˀ Lˀ/
/(◌̬◌̥lˀ (◌̬◌̥ʎˀ (◌̬◌̥Lˀ/
/j w/
/◌̥j ◌̥w/
/jˀ wˀ/
/◌̥jˀ ◌̥wˀ/

/i y u/ /i: y: u:/
/ɪ ʏ ʊ/
/ø̞ ɛ ɔ o/ /eː ø̞: ɛ: o:/
/æ//æ:/
/a ä ɒ/ /a: ä: ɒ:/

/˦ ˦˥ ˦˦˥ ˧˩ ˧ ˨ ˨˩ ˨˨˩ ˧˨˩ ˨˧ ˨˧˨ ˨˧˨˧˨ ˨˧ˀ˨˧˨/

[sangi39]

...x χ(?????)...

Unfortunately the font the CBB uses doesn't seem to allow for the distinction between Latin <x> (in the first instance representing a velar fricative), and Greek chi <χ> (in the second instance representing a uvular fricative). It can be a bit of a pain, for sure

[zyma]

...x χ(?????)...

Unfortunately the font the CBB uses doesn't seem to allow for the distinction between Latin <x> (in the first instance representing a velar fricative), and Greek chi <χ> (in the second instance representing a uvular fricative). It can be a bit of a pain, for sure

When I view the board on my computer, they look distinct for me in actual posts, but not in drafts for whatever reason. On my phone, though, they look identical even in finished posts.

(Writing this is giving me déjà vu, so I apologize if I've shared the same information before.)

[sangi39]

...x χ(?????)...

Unfortunately the font the CBB uses doesn't seem to allow for the distinction between Latin <x> (in the first instance representing a velar fricative), and Greek chi <χ> (in the second instance representing a uvular fricative). It can be a bit of a pain, for sure

When I view the board on my computer, they look distinct for me in actual posts, but not in drafts for whatever reason. On my phone, though, they look identical even in finished posts.

(Writing this is giving me déjà vu, so I apologize if I've shared the same information before.)

Oh I think it's come up a few times, to be fair, so very déjà vu indeed. I'm sure someone else (maaaybe Khemehekis, but not sure exactly who) mentioned a possible explanation for why. I think most of the time it's either not too much of a problem, or people work around it

[Visions1]

...x χ(?????)...

Unfortunately the font the CBB uses doesn't seem to allow for the distinction between Latin <x> (in the first instance representing a velar fricative), and Greek chi <χ> (in the second instance representing a uvular fricative). It can be a bit of a pain, for sure

When I view the board on my computer, they look distinct for me in actual posts, but not in drafts for whatever reason. On my phone, though, they look identical even in finished posts.

(Writing this is giving me déjà vu, so I apologize if I've shared the same information before.)

Oh I think it's come up a few times, to be fair, so very déjà vu indeed. I'm sure someone else (maaaybe Khemehekis, but not sure exactly who) mentioned a possible explanation for why. I think most of the time it's either not too much of a problem, or people work around it

Aye. I should've realized. Sorry.
/x X/ hk hq

[GoshDiggityDangit]

What are the parenthesis supposed to mean? Also the stacking voiceless/voiced diacritics?

[VaptuantaDoi]

Bear in mind that I'm romanising this without knowing what most of the stuff means

/◌̥m ◌̥n ◌̥ɲ/ ⟨hm hn hñ⟩
/◌̬m) ◌̬n) ◌̬ɲ)/ ⟨vm vn vñ⟩
/m n ɲ/ ⟨m n ñ⟩
/(◌̬m (◌̬n (◌̬ɲ/ ⟨cvm cvn cvñ⟩
/p t t͡s t͡ʃ c k/ ⟨p t z x j k⟩
/◌̬p) ◌̬t) ◌̬t͡s) ◌̬t͡ʃ) ◌̬c) ◌̬k)/ ⟨vp vt vz vx vj vk⟩
/b d d͡z d͡ʒ ɟ k/ ⟨pv tv zv xv jv kv⟩
/(◌̬p (◌̬t (◌̬t͡s (◌̬t͡ʃ (◌̬c (◌̬k/ ⟨cvp cvt cvz cvx cvj cvk⟩
/pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ cʰ kʰ/ ⟨ph th zh xh jh kh⟩
/◌̬p)ʰ ◌̬t)ʰ ◌̬t͡s)ʰ ◌̬t͡ʃ)ʰ ◌̬c)ʰ ◌̬k)ʰ/ ⟨vpɔh vtɔh vzɔh vxɔh vjɔh vkɔh⟩
/bʰ dʰ d͡zʰ d͡ʒʰ ɟʰ kʰ/ ⟨pvh tvh zvh xvh jvh kvh⟩
/(◌̬pʰ (◌̬tʰ (◌̬t͡sʰ (◌̬t͡ʃʰ (◌̬cʰ (◌̬kʰ/ ⟨cvph cvth cvzh cvxh cvjh cvkh⟩
/f s sˀ ʃ h hˀ/ ⟨f s s' š ħ ħ'⟩
/◌̬f) ◌̬s) ◌̬sˀ) ◌̬ʃ) ◌̬h)/ ⟨vfɔ vsɔ vs'ɔ všɔ vħɔ⟩
/v z ʒ ʕ/ ⟨fv sv šv ħv⟩
/(◌̬f (◌̬s (◌̬sˀ (◌̬ʃ (◌̬h/ ⟨cvf cvs cvs' cvš cvħ⟩
/◌̥r ◌̥ɾ/ ⟨hr hd⟩
/◌̬◌̥r) ◌̬◌̥ɾ)/ ⟨vhr vhd⟩
/r ɾ/ ⟨r d⟩
/(◌̬◌̥r (◌̬◌̥ɾ/ ⟨cvhr cvhd⟩
/◌̥rˀ ◌̥ɾˀ/ ⟨hr' hd'⟩
/◌̬◌̥r)ˀ ◌̬◌̥ɾ)ˀ/ ⟨vhrɔ' vhdɔ'⟩
/rˀ ɾˀ/ ⟨r' d'⟩
/(◌̬◌̥rˀ (◌̬◌̥ɾˀ/ ⟨cvhr' cvhd'⟩
/◌̥l ◌̥ʎ ◌̥ʟ/ ⟨hl hł hř⟩
/◌̬◌̥l) ◌̬◌̥ʎ) ◌̬◌̥ʟ)/ ⟨vhlɔ vhłɔ vhřɔ⟩
/l ʎ ʟ/ ⟨l ł ř⟩
/(◌̬◌̥l (◌̬◌̥ʎ (◌̬◌̥ʟ/ ⟨cvhl cvhł cvhř⟩
/◌̥lˀ ◌̥ʎˀ ◌̥ʟˀ/ ⟨hl' hł' hř'⟩
/◌̬◌̥l)ˀ ◌̬◌̥ʎ)ˀ ◌̬◌̥ʟ)ˀ/ ⟨vhlɔ' vhłɔ' vhřɔ'⟩
/lˀ ʎˀ ʟˀ/ ⟨l' ł' ř'⟩
/(◌̬◌̥lˀ (◌̬◌̥ʎˀ (◌̬◌̥ʟˀ/ ⟨cvhl' cvhł' cvhř'⟩
/j w/ ⟨g b⟩
/◌̥j ◌̥w/ ⟨hg hb⟩
/jˀ wˀ/ ⟨g' b'⟩
/◌̥jˀ ◌̥wˀ/ ⟨hg' hb'⟩

/i y u i: y: u:/ ⟨i y u î ŷ û⟩
/ɪ ʏ ʊ/ ⟨ï ÿ ü⟩
/ø̞ ɛ ɔ o eː ø̞: ɛ: o:/ ⟨w ę ǫ o ê ŵ ę̂ ǫ̂⟩
/æ æ:/ ⟨æ æ̂⟩
/a ä ɒ a: ä: ɒ:/ ⟨a ą q â ą̂ q̂⟩

/˦ ˦˥ ˦˦˥ ˧˩ ˧ ˨ ˨˩ ˨˨˩ ˧˨˩ ˨˧ ˨˧˨ ˨˧˨˧˨ ˨˧ˀ˨˧˨/ ⟨¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹ ᵃ ᵇ ᶜ ᵈ⟩

---

Next:


/tɕ k/
/b n ɲ ŋ/

/i u e o a/

n ɲ ŋ → d dʑ g / C _
b → m / _ C

[zyma]

/tɕ k/ <c k>
/b n ɲ ŋ/ <b n ñ ŋ>

/i u e o a/ <i u e o a>

n ɲ ŋ → d dʑ g <d j g> / C _
b → m <m> / _ C

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Ii Jj Kk Mm Nn Ññ Ŋŋ Oo Uu

---

Next:

/p t k/
/ɸ θ s x h/
/t͡s/
/m n/
/l j w/
/r ʀ/

/i u/
/e o/
/ə/
/æ/
/ɑ/

[GoshDiggityDangit]

/p t k/ <p t k>
/ɸ θ s x h/ <f þ s x h>
/t͡s/ <c>
/m n/ <m n>
/l j w/ <l y w>
/r ʀ/ <r g>

/i u/ <i u>
/e o/ <e o>
/ə/ <è>
/æ/ <a>
/ɑ/ <à>

Aa Àà Cc Ee Èè Ff Gg Hh Ii Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Rr Ss Þþ Tt Uu Ww Xx Yy

---

Next, please...

/p t tʃ k/
/b d dʒ g/
/ɸ s ʃ x h/
/β z ʒ/
/l ɹ w j/

/i u/
/e o/
/ɛ ɔ/
/a/

[zyma]

/p t tʃ k/ <p t c k>
/b d dʒ g/ <b d j g>
/ɸ s ʃ x h/ <f s š x h>
/β z ʒ/ <v z ž>
/l ɹ w j/ <l r w y>

/i u/ <i u>
/e o/ <e o>
/ɛ ɔ/ <ę ǫ>
/a/ <a>

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ęę Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Oo Ǫǫ Pp Rr Ss Šš Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Žž

---

Next:

/p b t d k g/
/ɸ β s z x ɣ h/
/m n ŋ/
/l ɫ j ʎ w/
/r/

/i iː u uː/
/ɪ ʊ/
/e eː o oː/
/ɛ ɔ/
/æ æː/
/ɑ ɑː/

[VaptuantaDoi]

/p b t d k g/ p b t d c g
/ɸ β s z x ɣ h/ ph bh s z ch gh th
/m n ŋ/ m n ng
/l ɫ j ʎ w/ l lg dh ł w
/r/ r

/i iː u uː/ í ī ú ū
/ɪ ʊ/ i u
/e eː o oː/ é ē ó ō
/ɛ ɔ/ e o
/æ æː/ á ā
/ɑ ɑː/ a au

---

/n/
/t ǃ ǁ ǂ k/
/v θ s ɬ ʃ h/

/e o a/

/é ē è ê/

/h/ assimilates partially in POA to a following central consonant – /ht hǃ hǁ hǂ/ → [st ʃǃ ʃǁ xǂ] etc. Otherwise in coda position it surfaces as voicelessness of the preceding vowel, deleting any tone thereon. Stops and clicks are voiced following a vowel. Low tone vowels are devoiced between two voiceless segments.

/èvāʃóh ǁēɬénônā nêǁā ǃôθòhθákóhòhnéh êhʃâ, néʃôhóâ ɬòásóhʃôh θâòhvéǂóǂó. ʃóhǂòhǂānôh èhʃò óǃónòhʃóh/
[èvāʃo̥ k͡ǁēɬénônā nêɡ͡ǁā k͡ǃôθòsθáɡóho̥sne̥ êxʃâ | néʃôhúâ ɬùásóxʃo̥ θâo̥véɡ͡ǂóɡ͡ǂo || ʃóxk͡ǂo̥xk͡ǂāno̥ èxʃò óɡ͡!ónòxʃo̥]

[zyma]

/n/ <n>
/t ǃ ǁ ǂ k/ <t~d q x c k~g>
/v θ s ɬ ʃ h/ <v z s l š h~ḫ>

/e o a/ <e o a>

/é ē è ê/ <é e è ê>

/h/ assimilates partially in POA to a following central consonant – /ht hǃ hǁ hǂ/ → [st ʃǃ ʃǁ xǂ] etc. Otherwise in coda position it surfaces as voicelessness of the preceding vowel, deleting any tone thereon. Stops and clicks are voiced following a vowel. Low tone vowels are devoiced between two voiceless segments.

Aa Āā Áá Àà Ââ Cc Dd Ee Ēē Éé Èè Êê Gg Hh Ḫḫ Kk Ll Nn Oo Ōō Óó Òò Ôô Qq Ss Šš Tt Vv Xx Zz

/èvāʃóh ǁēɬénônā nêǁā ǃôθòhθákóhòhnéh êhʃâ, néʃôhóâ ɬòásóhʃôh θâòhvéǂóǂó. ʃóhǂòhǂānôh èhʃò óǃónòhʃóh/
[èvāʃo̥ k͡ǁēɬénônā nêɡ͡ǁā k͡ǃôθòsθáɡóho̥sne̥ êxʃâ | néʃôhúâ ɬùásóxʃo̥ θâo̥véɡ͡ǂóɡ͡ǂo || ʃóxk͡ǂo̥xk͡ǂāno̥ èxʃò óɡ͡!ónòxʃo̥]
<Èvāšoh xēlénônā nêxā qôzòszágóhosneh êḫšâ, néšôhóâ lòásóḫšoh zâohvécóco. Šóḫcoḫcānoh èḫšò óqónòḫšoh.>

---

Next:

/p b t d c ɟ k g k͡p g͡b/
/ɸ β s z h/
/t͡s t͡ɬ/
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋ͡m/
/l j ʎ w/
/r/

/i u/
/e ø ɤ o/
/æ/
/ɑ/

[VaptuantaDoi]

/p b t d c ɟ k g k͡p g͡b/ p b t d c j k g kp gb
/ɸ β s z h/ f v s z h
/t͡s t͡ɬ/ z ł
/m n ɲ ŋ ŋ͡m/ m n ñ ṇ n̄
/l j ʎ w/ l y ý w
/r/ r

/i u/ i u
/e ø ɤ o/ e ö ë o
/æ/ ä
/ɑ/ a



Next:

/t d ʤ ʔ/
/n ɲ/
/θ s ʃ h/

/i e o a/
/ẽ õ/
/Vː/

/dõʤoːtõniʤ ʔɲẽhẽɲ tsahẽ θotʤoːʤiːʃ | niʤinnihʤẽːʤθehiʃ teʃhẽʤnõton || tidaʤnʔõɲoːnsẽʔẽnheʤhõdtaʤned ʔohẽh/

[zyma]

/t d ʤ ʔ/ <t d y q>
/n ɲ/ <n ñ>
/θ s ʃ h/ <þ s š h>

/i e o a/ <i e o a>
/ẽ õ/ <ę ǫ>
/Vː/ <VV>

Aa Dd Ee Ęę Hh Ii Nn Ññ Oo Ǫǫ Qq Ss Šš Tt Yy Þþ

/dõʤoːtõniʤ ʔɲẽhẽɲ tsahẽ θotʤoːʤiːʃ | niʤinnihʤẽːʤθehiʃ teʃhẽʤnõton || tidaʤnʔõɲoːnsẽʔẽnheʤhõdtaʤned ʔohẽh/
<Dǫyootǫniy qñęhęñ tsahę þotyooyiiš, niyinnihyęęyþehiš tešhęynǫton. Tidaynqǫñoonsęqęnheyhǫdtayned qohęh.>

---

Next:

/p b t d k g/
/f v s z ʃ ʒ x ɣ h/
/t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ/
/m n ŋ/
/l j w/
/r/

/i iː u uː/
/e eː o oː/
/a aː/

[VaptuantaDoi]

I feel like we're playing tennis

/p b t d k g/ p b t d k g
/f v s z ʃ ʒ x ɣ h/ f v s ṡ ȷ j x ǧ h
/t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ/ z ż c ċ
/m n ŋ/ m n ň
/l j w/ l y w
/r/ r

/i iː u uː/ i ī u ū
/e eː o oː/ e ē o ō
/a aː/ a ā

---

/p t c k/
/b d ɟ ɡ/
/ɓ ɗ ʄ ʔ/
/w l j/
/ʔw ʔl ʔj/
/m n ɲ/
/ʔm ʔn ʔɲ/
/s/

+ ATR /i u/ [e o ə]
– ATR /ɪ ʊ/ [ɛ ɔ a]

i.e. /i u ɪ ʊ ɛ ɔ a/ with /ɛ ɔ a/ having +ATR allophones [e o ə].

/tɛtɛʔl ɔɓɔ tɛɓɪʔ dɔɛk ɛɗaʔ ʔɛtaʔ kɛɓaʔ, ɪa dapɔ piit kapɛt teteɗuʔ, ɪa ʔuɓuk onikuʔ, ɪa ɓuopuʔ ... ɓaaɟ ɡutiʔ ɔnʊt ɓɔʔjɪɡ eɓepuʔ biupuʔ ʔlɪʔɪʔ mɛɗʊɓ uɟəl lɪkɔwuʔ/

[zyma]

I feel like we're playing tennis

Yeah, I know the feeling.

---

/p t c k/ <p t c k>
/b d ɟ ɡ/ <b d j g>
/ɓ ɗ ʄ ʔ/ <ˀb ˀd ˀj ˀ>
/w l j/ <w l y>
/ʔw ʔl ʔj/ <ˀw ˀl ˀy>
/m n ɲ/ <m n ñ>
/ʔm ʔn ʔɲ/ <ˀm ˀn ˀñ>
/s/ <s>

+ ATR /i u/ <i u> [e o ə] <e o a>
– ATR /ɪ ʊ/ <ị ụ> [ɛ ɔ a] <e o a>

i.e. /i u ɪ ʊ ɛ ɔ a/ <i u ị ụ e o a> with /ɛ ɔ a/ <e o a> having +ATR allophones [e o ə] <e o a>.

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Ii Ịị Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Ññ Pp Ss Tt Uu Ụụ Ww Yy ʔˀ

/tɛtɛʔl ɔɓɔ tɛɓɪʔ dɔɛk ɛɗaʔ ʔɛtaʔ kɛɓaʔ, ɪa dapɔ piit kapɛt teteɗuʔ, ɪa ʔuɓuk onikuʔ, ɪa ɓuopuʔ ... ɓaaɟ ɡutiʔ ɔnʊt ɓɔʔjɪɡ eɓepuʔ biupuʔ ʔlɪʔɪʔ mɛɗʊɓ uɟəl lɪkɔwuʔ/
<Teteˀl oˀbo teˀbịˀ doek eˀdaˀ ˀetaˀ keˀbaˀ, ịa dapo piit kapet teteˀduˀ, ịa ˀuˀbuk onikuˀ, ịa ˀbuopuˀ… ˀbaaj gutiˀ onụt ˀboˀyịg eˀbepuˀ biupuˀ ˀlịˀịˀ meˀdụˀb ujal lịkowuˀ.>

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Next:

/p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k g kʷ gʷ/
/ɸ s h/
/m n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ŋʷ/
/l̪ l ɻ ɭ j ʎ ɰ w/
/ɽ͡r/

/i iː y yː ɯ ɯː u uː/
/ɛ ɛː ɔ ɔː/
/a aː/